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pavilion
the part of a gemstone lying benath the girdle

pendeloque
drop shaped stone (with crown,pavilion and table facet); do not confuse with briolette or teardrop.

plate
stone plate without girdle facets. mostly glued into settings to produce planar surfaces

play of colour
term to describe the various colours of opal when viewed in reflected light, not to be confused with opalescence

pleochroism
multi-colouredness; an optical phenomenon of some but not all doubly refractive stones. caused by the splitting of light into two rays. these rays take different paths through the gemstone, are absorbed differently and thus of different colours. the human eye usually sees a mixed colour. only in very strongly pleochroic gems like e.g. tourmaline, the different colours can be observed by the unaided eye (see dichroscope) when viewing the stone from different angles.

portuguese cut
a cut with 161 facets in ist classical form, because of the high number of facets the portuguese cut is mostly used with large stones having a high pavilion (lower part)

princess cut
this cut was originally developed for diamond baguettes and squares; a combination of a modified step cut and brilliant cut; very lively

profile cut
pentagonal cut that, when viewed from the top resembles a brilliant cut diamond when viewed from the side

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